1.abstract art :  抽象派藝術(shù)

    藝術(shù)  ?  Art

    A nonrepresentational style that emphasizes formal values over the representation of subject matter.

    強(qiáng)調(diào)形式至上，忽視內(nèi)容的一種非寫實(shí)主義繪畫風(fēng)格

    Kandinsky produced abstract art characterized by imagery that had a musical quality.

    康定斯創(chuàng)作的抽象派作品有一種音樂美。

    2.abstract expressionism :  抽象表現(xiàn)派；抽象表現(xiàn)主義

    A nonrepresentational style that emphasizes emotion, strong color, and giving primacy to the act of painting.

    把繪畫本身作為目的，以表達(dá)情感和濃抹重涂為特點(diǎn)的非寫實(shí)主義風(fēng)格。

    Abstract expressionism was at its peak in the 1940s and 1950s.

    20 世紀(jì)四五十年代是抽象表現(xiàn)藝術(shù)發(fā)展的頂峰時(shí)期。

    3.action painting :  動作畫派

    A term used to describe aggressive methods of applying paint.

    指使畫布產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈動作效果的繪畫風(fēng)格。

    Action painting often looks childish to the non-artist because of the techniques used to apply paint, such as throwing it on the canvas.

    在外行看來，動作派的作品通常是幼稚的，這主要是因?yàn)楫嫾也捎玫淖鳟嫹椒�，比如將顏料潑灑在畫布上�?br />
    4.airbrush :  噴槍；氣筆

    A nozzled tube used to apply paint in a spray form.

    一種將顏料噴成霧狀的噴嘴管。

    The famous sexy robots in Japan are produced using an airbrush.

    那些性感的日本機(jī)器人就是用噴槍繪制成的。

    5.art deco  ：裝飾派藝術(shù)

    A style dominant  in  the 1920s  and 1930s, characterized by  repetitive,  ornamental, and  highly finished curvilinear and geometric designs, esp. in synthetic materials such as plastics.

    盛行于 20 世紀(jì)二、三十年代的裝飾藝術(shù)和建筑藝術(shù)風(fēng)格，以重復(fù)的、裝飾精美的曲線和幾何圖案為特點(diǎn)國，多采 用塑料等合成材料。

    Mary attended high school in a building that was famous for art deco style of architecture. 

    Mary 就讀的中學(xué)以其裝飾派建筑而聞名。

    6.art nouveau  ：新藝術(shù)

    A decorative style in which fluid, biomorphic lines and swirling motifs were emphasized.

    以曲折有致的天然生物形態(tài)為特色的裝飾性風(fēng)格。

    Beardsley prints produced in the late 19th century are a good example of the style of art nouveau.

    19 世紀(jì)末比樂茲利的作品是新藝術(shù)的典范。

    7.avent-garde :  先鋒派

    Innovative art in advance of popular ideas and images, characterized by unorthodox and experimental method.

    不拘于現(xiàn)有的創(chuàng)作定式，勇于創(chuàng)新超前思維的藝術(shù)形式。 

    The avant-garde home of the famous actress sold for millions. 

    那位影星的先鋒派住宅賣出了幾百萬美元的好價(jià)錢。

    8.Baroque  ：巴羅克風(fēng)格

    An emotional, dramatic style of the 16th-18th century, anticlassical in form and spirit. 

    流行于 16 至 18 世紀(jì)，以情感強(qiáng)烈、鋪張浮華為特點(diǎn)的反古典主義的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格。 

    Status and architecture from the Baroque have a dark, muscular, looming quality about them. 

    巴羅克風(fēng)格的雕塑和建筑雄偉、高大、格調(diào)陰暗。

    9.batik  ：蠟防印花

    Painting on wax-treated cloth.

    在蠟布上作的畫。

    Susan learned about batik in college.

    蘇珊在讀大學(xué)時(shí)學(xué)過蠟防印花。

    10.Bauhaus  ：包豪斯建筑風(fēng)格

    A design school that promoted functional and geometric elements in design.

    指包豪斯造型學(xué)院倡導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)用和幾何學(xué)要素的建筑風(fēng)格。

    Bauhaus school of design in Germany changed the way that the world thought about design.

    德國的包豪斯造型學(xué)院倡導(dǎo)的藝術(shù)改變了世人的既定設(shè)計(jì)思維模式。a

    11.Byzantine  ：拜占庭藝術(shù)風(fēng)格的

    （adj.）  A term used to describe a style of art with strong religious content.

    藝術(shù)風(fēng)格突出強(qiáng)烈宗教色彩的。

    The Byzantine  era extended from the 13th  century and went into the 16th  century and was  characterized by  art with religious influence.#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

    拜占庭式藝術(shù)始于 13 世紀(jì)，一直延續(xù)到 16 世紀(jì)，其主要特點(diǎn)是濃郁的宗教氣息。

    12.calligraphy  書法藝術(shù)

    Handwriting or penmanship, esp. elegant or “beautiful” writing as a decorative art.

    書寫的藝術(shù)，特別是優(yōu)雅漂亮可作裝飾的筆跡。

    Calligraphy has practically become a lost art in today’s computerized society.

    在今天的電腦時(shí)代，書法藝術(shù)差不多要消亡了。

    13.cartoon  草圖，底圖

    A full-size, preliminary painting or sketch for a completed work.

    一部完整藝術(shù)作品的雛形。

    Leonardo da Vinci’s cartoon of the Virgin Mary and Saint Anne hangs in the British National Gallery.

    達(dá)?芬奇的圣母馬麗亞和圣安妮畫像的草圖現(xiàn)存于英國國家美術(shù)館。

    14.ceramics

    (1)The art of making objects such as pottery or clay.

    (2)The objects themselves.

    陶器制作藝術(shù)；陶器制品。

    Savannah enjoys making ceramic pottery.

    薩文喜歡做陶器。

    15.collage  ：拼貼藝術(shù)

    A composition of found objects, newspaper, and cloth over other material on a single surface.

    把揀得的報(bào)紙、碎布等在畫面上粘貼成畫。

    We used to make computer collages when I was in college by first pasting various items together and then using a video camera to transmit the image onto a computer screen. 

    我們在大學(xué)時(shí)曾用電腦制作拼貼畫。其步驟是：首先，將各種材料粘在一起，然后用攝像機(jī)將圖像傳送到電腦上。

    16.composition  ：藝術(shù)作品

    Aesthetically pleasing, harmonious, and effective arrangement of parts to form a whole.

    各部分和諧生動、符合美學(xué)規(guī)律的作品。

    Matisse used color and shapes and worked back and forth until he felt he had achieved a balanced composition.

    馬蒂斯反復(fù)調(diào)試色彩、構(gòu)思圖案，終于畫了一幅布局和諧的作品。

    17.computer art  計(jì)算機(jī)藝術(shù)

    Electronically produced images displayed on video screen.

    在屏幕上顯示運(yùn)用電子手段設(shè)計(jì)圖像的藝術(shù)。

    Computer art become popular in the 1980s when computers started to become more available to the public.

    當(dāng) 80 年代個(gè)人電腦開始普及之后，計(jì)算機(jī)藝術(shù)也流行起來。

    18.cubism  ：立方主義；立體派

    A style of art that departs from traditional reality, and  emphasizes multifaceted, simultaneous views of subject  and distorted perspectives.(early 20th century)

    20 世紀(jì)初出現(xiàn)的一個(gè)藝術(shù)流派。它拋棄傳統(tǒng)現(xiàn)實(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)藝術(shù)作品的形體結(jié)構(gòu)，即同時(shí)性、多角度性及扭曲的視角。 

    Pablo Picasso played a principal role in the early movement of cubism.

     帕勃洛?畢加索在立體派早期發(fā)展中起首重要的推動作用

    19.Dada  ：達(dá)達(dá)主義

    A style (1915-1925) with antirational approach and nihilistic, absurdist, and incongruous themes.

    流行于 1915 年至 1925 年間的藝術(shù)流派，其特點(diǎn)是反理性的創(chuàng)作手法和虛無、荒誕。矛盾的主題。

     Dadaism asked “what is art?” and used humor and shock value as communicative elements. 

    達(dá)達(dá)主義設(shè)問“什么是藝術(shù)？”并用幽默和讓人震驚的色彩對比手法作答。
    
    20.drawing  ：素描

    A picture, design, or sketch done with lines in pen or pencil.

    用鋼筆或鉛筆勾勒出的圖畫、圖案或?qū)懮鷪D。

    The drawings of Michelangelo were recently exhibited in New York.

米開朗基羅的素描最近在紐約展出。

    21.expressionism  ：表現(xiàn)主義

    An early 20th-century style emphasizing emotional expression, strong color and composition, and a distorted, theatrical treatment of image.

    20 世紀(jì)的一種藝術(shù)風(fēng)格，強(qiáng)調(diào)情緒的表現(xiàn)，以濃重的色彩、鮮明的構(gòu)圖，扭曲、夸張的形象處理為特點(diǎn)。

     Professor Bryer will be giving a lecture on expressionism tonight. 

    今晚布萊恩教授有一個(gè)關(guān)于表現(xiàn)主義的講座。

    22.fresco  ：溫壁畫技法；濕壁畫

    A technique of painting directly on a wet, plaster surface.

    在潮濕的石膏表面上直接作畫。#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

    We all marveled at the beauty of the 17th century fresco.

    23.funk art  ：非理性藝術(shù)；惡臭藝術(shù)

    A  combination  of  painting  and  sculpture,  deliberately  messing  and  rough,  often  humorously  depicting  provocative subjects.(U.S., mid-20th century)

    20 世紀(jì)中期出現(xiàn)在美國的一種藝術(shù)流派。故意雜亂無章、不加修飾的繪畫與雕塑的融合。多以幽默的方式描繪刺 激性的場面。

    Jeson has been collecting funk art since the mid 1960s.

    杰森從 20 世紀(jì) 60 年代中期就開始收集非理性藝術(shù)作品。

    24.futurism  ：未來主義

    A style glorifying modern technology, speed, and the machine age. ( Italy, early 20th century )

    頌揚(yáng)現(xiàn)代技術(shù)、速度和機(jī)器時(shí)代的創(chuàng)作風(fēng)格。起源于 20 世紀(jì)初的意大利。

    Art from the era of futurism can be identified by a combination of machine elements, cubism, and motion.

    未來主義時(shí)期藝術(shù)的突出特點(diǎn)是機(jī)器法則、立方主義與運(yùn)動機(jī)械的組合。

    25.genre  ：風(fēng)俗畫

    A realistic depiction of scenes from everyday domestic life.

    日常家居生活的寫實(shí)畫。

    Who is your favorite genre painter?

    你最喜歡的風(fēng)俗畫家是誰？

    26.Gothic  ：哥特風(fēng)格

    A style that emphasizes Christian imagery, brilliant color, and strong verticality in composition. ( 12th – 16th century )

    以基督教題材、亮麗的色彩、明顯的垂直線條為特點(diǎn)的繪畫風(fēng)格。流行于 12 至 16 世紀(jì)。 

    Jean dislikes Gothic art because it feels too religious. 
    
    吉不喜歡哥特風(fēng)格的作品，因?yàn)樗鼈兊淖诮躺�彩太濃�?br />
    27.gouache  ：樹膠水彩顏料

    An opaque watercolor bound with gum.

    由膠水調(diào)和的不透光水彩。

    Do you like the quality of gouache in paintings?

    你喜歡水彩畫嗎？

    28. graphic arts  ：平面造型藝術(shù)

    Those visual  arts that  are linear in  character, such as drawing and engraving, esp. those that involve printing and printmaking.

    平面視角藝術(shù)，特別是指與印刷業(yè)有關(guān)的素描、雕刻等。

    The computer is now enabling anyone to produce and design and experiment with graphic art.

    計(jì)算機(jī)的出現(xiàn)使任何人都能制造、設(shè)計(jì)和試驗(yàn)平面視角藝術(shù)。

    29.hard-edge  ：鋒刃派繪畫的；硬邊畫的

    (adj.) A style characterized by geometric abstraction, a flat picture plan, perfection of a surface, and graphic precision.
（U.S., mid-20th century）

    流行于 20 世紀(jì)中期的美國，以輪廓分明的幾何形體、精確的畫面為特點(diǎn)的抽象繪畫。

    Patrick Nagel’s hard-edge style of 80’s women became one of the strongest images in the 20th century.

    派特克?納哥爾的鋒刃派風(fēng)格的 80 年代婦女成了 20 世紀(jì)最具說明力的形象之一。

    30.history painting  ：歷史題材的繪畫

    An academic depiction of scenes from mythology, history, or the Bible.

    以神話、歷史或圣經(jīng)為題材的傳統(tǒng)繪畫。

    Temple Square in Salt Lake City has a visitor center filled with history paintings.

    鹽湖城的神殿廣場有一個(gè)觀光中心，里面存滿了歷史題材的繪畫作品。

    31.hyperrealism  ：高度寫實(shí)主義

    An extension of photorealism in which depiction of subject is indistinguishable from reality. (late 20th century)

    20 世紀(jì)末興起的一種繪畫流派。照相現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的延伸，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)實(shí)的臨摹。

    The interesting aspect of hyperrealism is that it challenges the viewer to try to decide what is real and what isn’t.

    高度寫實(shí)主義繪畫很有意思的一點(diǎn)是，觀者很難判斷哪些是真實(shí)的，哪些是虛構(gòu)的。

    32.impressionism  ：印象主義，印象派

    A style  emphasizing the depiction of light  and  its effects, with the  act of seeing as its primary subject. (France 19th century

    強(qiáng)調(diào)繪畫中的光感，以視覺影象作為描繪對象。

    Impressionism has long been one of the most popular art movements. Van Gogh’s impressionistic painting entitled “Dr. Gachet” was purchased for a world record $ 85 million by a Japanese investor. #p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

    長期以來，印象主義一直是最具有影響力的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動之一。凡高的印象派作品《蓋什醫(yī)生》被一名日本投資商以

    8500 萬美元的天價(jià)購得。

    33.Kakemono  ：畫軸

    A Japanese vertical scroll painting.

    日本的一種垂直式卷軸畫。

    Debbie purchased several kakemono scrolls during her year as an exchange student in Japan.

    德比在日本做交換學(xué)生時(shí)買了幾卷畫軸。

    34.kinetic art  ：活動藝術(shù)

    Art characterized by the incorporation of painted and sculpted mechanical parts into an art piece that moves or creates the impression of movement.

    興起于 20 世紀(jì)中期的一種與機(jī)械學(xué)相結(jié)合的藝術(shù)，采用活動部件，造成動感效果的雕塑藝術(shù)。

     Kinetic art can be seen in front of many office buildings built during the 50’s and 60’s.

     在五、六十年代，辦公大樓前的雕塑多屬活動藝術(shù)作品。

    35.landscape  ：風(fēng)景畫，山水畫

    A depiction of natural land forms, sometimes allegorical.

    以自然風(fēng)景為主題，有時(shí)含有諷喻意義的作品。

    Paula travels to New Mexico each summer to paint western landscapes.

    波拉每年夏天都去新墨西哥州畫西部風(fēng)景畫。

    36.medium  ：溶劑，調(diào)色劑，材料

    A liquid in which pigment is mixed to form paint; a type of paint of coloring matter used in painting.

    繪畫用的調(diào)和顏料的液體；藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作所使用的材料。

    It’s sometimes fun to look at a painting and try to figure out what medium the artist used.

    有時(shí)猜猜一部藝術(shù)作品所使用的材料很有意思。

    37.Ming  ：具有明代藝術(shù)特色的

    (adj)Characteristic of a highly academic classicism, esp. in porcelains. (China, 14th –17th centuries)

    高度傳統(tǒng)古典主義傾向的，特別是指與 14 至 17 世紀(jì)中國明代瓷器有關(guān)的藝術(shù)。

    Dr. Franks is an expert on porcelains from the Ming dynasty.

    37.minimal art  ：極簡抽象藝術(shù)；最小主義藝術(shù)

    An abstract, simple, reductionist style with absence of all but basic formal elements and primary colors. (U.S. mid-20th century)

    美國 20 世紀(jì)中期興起的一種藝術(shù)流派，其特點(diǎn)是抽象、簡單、微縮，即把作品簡略到基本抽象成分。 

    Minimalism is characterized by space with very sparse design elements and helped launch the popular art slogan of “less is more.”

    最小主義藝術(shù)的特征是稀疏的畫面，這一藝術(shù)促成了“簡即繁”的藝術(shù)口號。

    38.modernism  ：現(xiàn)代主義

    A style that breaks with traditional art forms and searches for new modes of expression.

    一種新的、脫離傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)手法的表現(xiàn)形式。

    Modernism became popular in the early part of the 20th century.

    現(xiàn)代主義在 20 世紀(jì)初開始流行起來。

    39.mosaic  ：馬賽克；鑲嵌工藝，鑲嵌畫

    An illustration composed of small, colored stones or tiles set into cement.
    
    用五顏六色的小石子或瓦片在水泥板上鑲嵌面成的圖案。

    The new mall in town features a giant mosaic over the main entrance way.

    在城里新建的林蔭道的主要入口處有一個(gè)巨大的鑲嵌畫。

    （我覺得這句話應(yīng)譯成：城里新建的大型商場/購物中心的入口處有一巨幅鑲嵌畫。---southleaf）

    40.mural  ：壁畫；壁飾

    A large-scale painting, usually on a wall or ceiling.

    通常掛在墻上或天花板上的巨幅畫。

    The McMullen’s have a giant mural painting along the hallway in their home.

    麥克倫家的門廳里有一幅巨型壁畫。

    41.neoclassicism  ：新古典主義

    A style modeled after proportion and restraint of Greek and Roman classical antiquity. (late 18th, early 19th century.)

    模仿和借鑒古希臘羅馬勻稱、莊重建筑風(fēng)格的藝術(shù)形式，盛行于 18 世紀(jì)末，19 世紀(jì)初。

    We knew that Mr. Samuels was into neoclassicism by the way that he had his courtyard decorated with nude statues.

    42.new wave  ：新浪潮

    A combination of cartoon, graffiti, and performance art in a minimalist, unsophisticated style (late 20th century.)

    綜合漫畫、涂鴉和表演藝術(shù)的藝術(shù)形式，其風(fēng)格簡單自然。#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

    There’s a new wave art show currently on exhibit up at the local college gallery.

    本地大學(xué)美術(shù)館正在舉辦一個(gè)新浪潮藝術(shù)作品展。

    43.nude  ：裸體畫，裸體像

    The undraped human figure, sometimes allegorical.
    
    無遮蓋的人體畫像，有時(shí)具有諷喻意義。

    The nude has always played a powerful role in art throughout the ages.

    在藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域，裸體畫一直占有重要地位。

    44.oil paint  ：油畫顏料；油漆

    Pigment mixed with drying oil, exp. linseed oil.

    和亞麻油等干性油混制成的顏料

    You can buy a beginner’s set of oil paints for under $ 20.

    花不到 20 元，你就可以買到初學(xué)者所用的一套油畫顏料。

    45.op art  ：光效應(yīng)藝術(shù)，視覺藝術(shù)

    A style with graphic abstraction and pattern-oriented optical effects (mid-20th century)

    利用幾何圖形和色彩對比給人以模棱兩可的視幻覺藝術(shù)，起源于 20 世紀(jì)中期。

    Riley and Vasarely are two noteable artists who made contributions in the illusory world of op art.

    瑞利和凡撒里這兩位著名的藝術(shù)家為夢幻般的光效應(yīng)藝術(shù)作出了貢獻(xiàn)。

    46.performance art  ：戲劇表演藝術(shù)

    Use of paintings, sculpture, and video in live theatrical performance by the artist. (late 20th century)

    現(xiàn)場戲劇表演中藝術(shù)家摻入繪畫、雕塑和攝像等形式的綜合藝術(shù)。興起于 20 世紀(jì)末。 

    We watched a program that featured performance art on TV last night. 

    昨晚有一個(gè)電視節(jié)目介紹了表現(xiàn)派藝術(shù)。

    47.pastel  ：彩色粉筆畫

    A crayon made of color ground with chalk and compounded with gum water into paste, often of pale color.
    
    粉筆作底色，用膠水調(diào)和色彩。色調(diào)淡雅。 

    Degas is probably my favorite pastel artist. 

    德加大概算是我最喜歡的彩色粉筆畫家了。

    48.perspective  ：透視畫法

    A  system  of  realistically  depicting  three-dimensional  objects  or  views  onto  two-dimensional,  flat  surfaces  through convergent lines and planes. 

    以現(xiàn)實(shí)的手法，在兩維的平面上，利用線和面趨向會合的視錯覺原理刻畫三維物體的藝術(shù)。

    Perspective illustration provides a three-dimensional view of objects or views.

    透視畫法提供了一個(gè)對物體或景色的三維視角。

    49.pictograph  ：象形文字；圖畫文字

    A picture symbolizing an idea or object, used as an early form of writing.

    代表一個(gè)思想或物體的圖畫。屬早期的文字。

    Three men were arrested for vandalizing ancient pictographs found I the canyons of southern Utah.

    50.pointillism  ：點(diǎn)畫法；點(diǎn)彩派

    Neo-impressionism characterized by  the use of tiny, closely  spaced dots or points of  color that blend  to produce a luminous quality.

    新印象主義畫法，用微小、密集的彩色點(diǎn)混合后產(chǎn)生一種奪目的效果。

    The painting “Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande  Jatte” by Seurat is probably  the most famous work of pointillism.

    修拉的《在拉?格蘭德?加特島的一個(gè)星期天下午》大概是最有名的點(diǎn)彩派畫了。